Merge pull request 'feat(ai): import & analyze Windows crash dumps (.dmp) — 0.41.0' (#45) from feat/ram-speed into main

Reviewed-on: #45

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -5,6 +5,80 @@ All notable changes to RigDoctor are recorded here. Format follows
 (`MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`, pre-1.0). `__version__` and `pyproject.toml` must match the git
 release tag (so the auto-updater, D18, can compare versions).
 
+## [0.41.0] - 2026-05-25
+### Added
+- **Import a crash dump (`.dmp`) and explain it with AI.** The **Games** page gains an
+  "Import crash dump…" button (shown once an AI provider is configured) that opens a Windows
+  minidump — the kind a Proton/Wine game writes when it hard-crashes — parses it, and hands the
+  result to the opt-in AI assistant (D24; cloud sends still ask first). A new stdlib
+  `core/minidump.py` reads the `MDMP` streams with `struct` (no new deps): the exception / crash
+  reason (e.g. access violation `0xC0000005`), the **faulting module** (which DLL the crash
+  address lands in — `nvwgf2umx.dll`, `d3d11.dll`, an anticheat, the game's own `.exe`…), OS/CPU,
+  and the loaded-module list. If `minidump_stackwalk` (Breakpad) or `minidump-stackwalk`
+  (rust-minidump) is on PATH, its fuller report is appended best-effort. The model is told the
+  dump came from a Windows process under Proton, so fixes stay Linux/Proton-side (Proton version,
+  DXVK/VKD3D, driver, launch options) — never Windows admin/registry steps. New `ai_knowledge`
+  facts cover the common exception codes and faulting-module signatures. CLI parity:
+  `rigdoctor ai dump <file>`.
+
+## [0.40.0] - 2026-05-22
+### Added
+- **RAM speed / XMP-EXPO check.** Inventory now shows each module's configured speed and, when it's
+  below the rated speed, the rating (e.g. `4800 MT/s (rated 5600)`); **System Health** flags it
+  ("RAM at 4800 MT/s (rated 5600 MT/s)") with the fix — enable XMP/EXPO in BIOS. With the profile
+  off, dmidecode only reports the JEDEC base, so the rated speed is read from both dmidecode and
+  the part number (matched against known DDR5 speed grades, so no false positives). Needs dmidecode
+  (root / launch elevation). Completes the "underperforming hardware" trio with PCIe gen + refresh.
+
+## [0.39.0] - 2026-05-22
+### Added
+- **Displays in the Inventory.** A new `core/displays.py` lists each connected monitor with its
+  resolution and current/max refresh — e.g. `DP-1 · Samsung LC34G55T → 3440x1440 @ 165 Hz`. Reads
+  GNOME's Mutter `DisplayConfig` over D-Bus (works on X11 *and* Wayland), falling back to `xrandr`
+  on other X11 desktops.
+- **System Health flags monitors below their max refresh.** If a monitor supports a higher refresh
+  at its current resolution (e.g. a 165 Hz panel set to 60 Hz — an easily-missed gaming setting),
+  Health reports it with the fix (raise it in Display settings). Max is computed at the *current*
+  resolution, so it never suggests dropping resolution.
+
+## [0.38.0] - 2026-05-22
+### Added
+- **PCIe link in the Inventory.** Each NVMe drive now shows its negotiated PCIe link next to the
+  model — e.g. `Samsung SSD 980 PRO 1TB (931.5G) · PCIe Gen4 x4` — read from sysfs
+  (`current/max_link_speed` + width). If a drive negotiates below its capability (a slower M.2
+  slot, lane-sharing, or a downtrain) it's flagged: `PCIe Gen3 x4 (capable of Gen4 x4)`. So you
+  can confirm a Gen4 SSD is actually in a Gen4 slot. (SATA disks show no PCIe link.)
+- **System Health flags downtrained NVMe links.** A new check warns when an NVMe drive negotiates
+  fewer PCIe lanes than it supports (almost always motherboard **lane-sharing** — a GPU/second
+  card or another M.2 stealing lanes) and notes speed-only reductions as info (a slower slot or
+  idle ASPM). The GPU is deliberately excluded — NVIDIA drops its PCIe gen/width at idle, so a
+  snapshot would false-alarm.
+
+## [0.37.1] - 2026-05-22
+### Fixed
+- **`rigdoctor update` now uses the right method for how RigDoctor was installed.** It detects
+  apt (`.deb`), pip (venv/`.run`), or source installs (`updates.install_kind()`); only pip
+  installs self-update in place. An apt install no longer fails with "No module named pip" —
+  it (and the GUI Update button) shows `sudo apt update && sudo apt install --only-upgrade
+  rigdoctor`; a source checkout points to `git pull`.
+
+## [0.37.0] - 2026-05-22
+### Added
+- **Version footer** — a footer across the bottom of the window shows `RigDoctor v<version>` in
+  the bottom-right (moved out of the sidebar).
+### Fixed
+- **Pages scroll when content doesn't fit, and the window is no longer pinned to the tallest
+  page's height.** Long pages (Settings, Tuning, …) get a scrollbar when too tall — so controls
+  like Uninstall are always reachable — and the window can now be resized smaller than the screen
+  (min height dropped from "taller than the screen" to ~600px). Pages that manage their own
+  scroll/fill (Dashboard, System Health, Inventory, Share) are unchanged.
+
+## [0.36.1] - 2026-05-22
+### Fixed
+- `rigdoctor gui` printed the wrong fix when PySide6 is missing — it suggested the non-existent
+  `python3-pyside6` package. Now it names the real split modules
+  (`python3-pyside6.qt{widgets,gui,websockets,svg}` + `python3-pyte`).
+
 ## [0.36.0] - 2026-05-22
 ### Fixed
 - **`.deb` now installs all dependencies automatically — no manual tool install.** The previous

README.md

@@ -24,11 +24,22 @@ freeze are usually lost. RigDoctor pulls it together and keeps the evidence.
 - **Proactive alerts** — desktop notifications on overheating and critical kernel events
   (GPU-lost, Xid, out-of-memory, disk I/O).
 - **AI explanations** *(optional, opt-in)* — explain a diagnostic in plain language with a
-  **local model (Ollama)** or **Claude**. Never automatic; only when you press the button.
+  **local model (Ollama)** or **Claude**, or **import a Windows crash dump (`.dmp`)** from a
+  Proton game and have it parsed and analysed. Never automatic; only when you press the button.
 - **Shareable reports** — zip a diagnostic (logs, inventory, AI transcript) to hand to someone,
   or share a live **terminal session** for remote help.
 - **Self-updating** — `apt upgrade`, or the in-app updater.
 
+## Screenshots
+
+| Dashboard | Inventory |
+|---|---|
+| ![Dashboard — live sensors](assets/screenshots/dashboard.png) | ![Inventory — hardware/OS](assets/screenshots/inventory.png) |
+
+**Share** — a read-only or interactive terminal session over the relay, for remote help:
+
+![Share — shared terminal session](assets/screenshots/share.png)
+
 ## Install
 
 ### Debian / Ubuntu — `.deb`
@@ -41,22 +52,19 @@ apt pulls the GUI dependencies (PySide6, pyte) automatically:
 sudo apt install ./rigdoctor_*_all.deb        # CLI only: add --no-install-recommends
 ```
 
-**Or add the apt repository** for `apt install` + automatic updates:
+**Or add the apt repository** for `apt install` + automatic updates (the registry is public and
+GPG-signed — no token needed):
 
 ```bash
-# the registry is private, so give apt a token (a Gitea PAT with read:package)
+sudo curl https://git.jesseyvanofferen.com/api/packages/jessey/debian/repository.key -o /etc/apt/keyrings/gitea-jessey.asc
-echo "machine git.jesseyvanofferen.com login <user> password <token>" \
+echo "deb [arch=all signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/gitea-jessey.asc] https://git.jesseyvanofferen.com/api/packages/jessey/debian stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gitea.list
-  | sudo tee /etc/apt/auth.conf.d/rigdoctor.conf
+sudo apt update
-sudo chmod 600 /etc/apt/auth.conf.d/rigdoctor.conf
+sudo apt install rigdoctor
-
-echo "deb [trusted=yes] https://git.jesseyvanofferen.com/api/packages/jessey/debian stable main" \
-  | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rigdoctor.list
-
-sudo apt update && sudo apt install rigdoctor
 ```
 
-Then `sudo apt upgrade` keeps it current. *(If your server serves a signed registry, drop the
+Then `sudo apt upgrade` keeps it current.
-`auth.conf.d` file and replace `[trusted=yes]` with `[signed-by=…]` + the `repository.key`.)*
+
+Then `sudo apt upgrade` keeps it current.
 
 ### Any distro — self-extracting `.run` (no root)
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
 
 [project]
 name = "rigdoctor"
-version = "0.36.0"
+version = "0.41.0"
 description = "Modular hardware monitoring & crash diagnostics for Linux gamers."
 readme = "README.md"
 requires-python = ">=3.11"

src/rigdoctor/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 """RigDoctor — modular hardware monitoring & crash diagnostics for Linux gamers."""
 
-__version__ = "0.36.0"
+__version__ = "0.41.0"

src/rigdoctor/cli.py

@@ -55,8 +55,9 @@ def cmd_gui(args) -> int:
         from .gui.app import main as gui_main
     except ImportError as exc:
         print("The GUI needs PySide6, which isn't installed.")
-        print("  Install it with:  pip install 'rigdoctor[gui]'")
+        print("  Ubuntu/Debian:  sudo apt install python3-pyside6.qtwidgets "
-        print("  or on Ubuntu:     sudo apt install python3-pyside6")
+              "python3-pyside6.qtgui python3-pyside6.qtwebsockets python3-pyside6.qtsvg python3-pyte")
+        print("  pip:            pip install 'rigdoctor[gui]'")
         print(f"  ({exc})")
         return 2
     return gui_main([sys.argv[0]])
@@ -262,6 +263,10 @@ def cmd_update(args) -> int:
         print("\nWhat's new:\n" + "\n".join("  " + ln for ln in notes.splitlines()) + "\n")
     if args.check:
         return 0
+    kind = updates.install_kind()
+    if kind != "pip":  # apt/source installs aren't pip-updatable — show the right command
+        print(updates.update_hint(kind))
+        return 0
     print(f"Installing {tag}…")
     rc, out = updates.apply_update(tag)
     print(out[-2000:])
@@ -461,6 +466,20 @@ def cmd_ai(args) -> int:
         print(msg)
         return 0 if ok else 1
 
+    if sub == "dump":
+        # Parse a Windows .dmp minidump (e.g. from a Proton game crash) and explain it.
+        from .core import minidump
+
+        report = minidump.parse(args.file)
+        if not report.ok:
+            print(f"Couldn't analyze the dump — {report.error}")
+            return 1
+        print(minidump.to_text(report))
+        print(f"\nAsking {ai.provider_label()} to explain {os.path.basename(args.file)}…\n")
+        ok, msg = ai.explain(minidump.to_ai_text(report))
+        print(msg)
+        return 0 if ok else 1
+
     # explain: gather the current health findings and ask the provider to explain them.
     from .core import health
 
@@ -702,6 +721,9 @@ def build_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
     ai_sub.add_parser("status", help="show the configured provider (contacts nothing)").set_defaults(func=cmd_ai)
     ai_sub.add_parser("test", help="send a tiny probe to verify connectivity").set_defaults(func=cmd_ai)
     ai_sub.add_parser("explain", help="explain the current health findings with AI").set_defaults(func=cmd_ai)
+    dump_p = ai_sub.add_parser("dump", help="parse a Windows .dmp crash dump and explain it with AI")
+    dump_p.add_argument("file", help="path to the .dmp minidump (e.g. from a Proton game crash)")
+    dump_p.set_defaults(func=cmd_ai)
     ai_p.set_defaults(func=cmd_ai, ai_cmd=None)
 
     bundle_p = sub.add_parser("bundle", help="zip the latest stored diagnostic into a report bundle (M15)")

src/rigdoctor/core/ai_knowledge.py

@@ -76,6 +76,35 @@ ENTRIES: list[tuple[tuple[str, ...], str]] = [
     (("fork without exec", "skipping destruction"),
      "BENIGN: 'pid X != Y, skipping destruction (fork without exec?)' is routine Steam/Proton "
      "process bookkeeping, not an error."),
+    # --- crash-dump (.dmp) reasoning -------------------------------------------------
+    (("access violation", "0xc0000005", "0xc0000006"),
+     "Windows exception 0xC0000005 (access violation) = the game read/wrote/executed memory it "
+     "wasn't allowed to. A write/read to a low address (near 0x0) is a null-pointer dereference, "
+     "usually a game or graphics-driver bug; under Proton it's often a DXVK/VKD3D or Proton-version "
+     "issue. Identify the faulting MODULE to localize the fault."),
+    (("stack overflow", "0xc00000fd"),
+     "Windows exception 0xC00000FD (stack overflow) = unbounded recursion or a huge stack "
+     "allocation in the crashing module — almost always a software bug in that module."),
+    (("0xc0000409", "stack buffer overrun", "fast fail"),
+     "Windows 0xC0000409 (stack buffer overrun / __fastfail) = a security check tripped on memory "
+     "corruption; frequently anticheat or a DRM/overlay injecting into the game. Suspect overlays "
+     "(Steam/Discord/MSI Afterburner-equivalents) and anticheat compatibility under Proton."),
+    (("0xc0000374", "heap corruption"),
+     "Windows 0xC0000374 (heap corruption) = something scribbled over heap memory earlier; the "
+     "crash point is a symptom, not the cause. Often a mod, an injected overlay, or unstable RAM."),
+    (("nvwgf2umx", "nvoglv", "nvd3dum", "nvldumd"),
+     "A faulting NVIDIA user-mode driver DLL (nvwgf2umx/nvoglv/nvd3dum) means the crash happened "
+     "inside the GPU driver under Proton. On Linux this points at the NVIDIA driver + the "
+     "DXVK/VKD3D translation layer: try a different driver branch or Proton/Proton-GE version, "
+     "clear the DXVK shader cache, and revert any GPU overclock/undervolt."),
+    (("easyanticheat", "eac", "battleye", "beclient", "anticheat"),
+     "A faulting anticheat module (EasyAntiCheat/BattlEye) under Proton is usually a compatibility "
+     "problem: confirm the title's anticheat has Proton/Linux support enabled and try the Proton "
+     "version the community recommends for it (often Proton-GE or a specific Valve build)."),
+    (("d3d11.dll", "d3d12.dll", "dxgi.dll", "d3d9.dll", "dxvk", "vkd3d"),
+     "A crash in a Direct3D/DXGI module under Proton runs through DXVK (D3D9/10/11) or VKD3D-Proton "
+     "(D3D12). Try a known-good Proton version, update/override DXVK-VKD3D, clear the shader cache, "
+     "and check the GPU driver — these are the usual fixes for D3D faults on Linux."),
 ]
 
 

src/rigdoctor/core/displays.py

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+"""Connected displays (M5): resolution + current/max refresh per monitor.
+
+GNOME exposes the authoritative data over D-Bus (Mutter `DisplayConfig.GetCurrentState`),
+which works on both X11 and Wayland — read via `busctl --json`. Plain X11 desktops fall back
+to `xrandr`. Other Wayland compositors (sway/KDE) aren't covered yet and degrade to empty.
+Stdlib only; every probe fails soft. Max refresh is computed at the *current* resolution, so
+"can go faster" never suggests dropping resolution.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import re
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+# A few common PNP monitor-vendor IDs → friendly names (best-effort; unknown codes pass through).
+_PNP = {
+    "SAM": "Samsung", "DEL": "Dell", "GSM": "LG", "LGD": "LG", "AUS": "ASUS", "ACR": "Acer",
+    "BNQ": "BenQ", "MSI": "MSI", "AOC": "AOC", "VSC": "ViewSonic", "HWP": "HP", "HPN": "HP",
+    "PHL": "Philips", "GBT": "Gigabyte", "APP": "Apple", "DGC": "Dell",
+}
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Monitor:
+    connector: str          # e.g. "DP-1"
+    name: str               # e.g. "Samsung LC34G55T" ("" if unknown, e.g. xrandr)
+    width: int
+    height: int
+    refresh: float          # current Hz
+    max_refresh: float      # max Hz available at the current resolution
+
+    @property
+    def can_go_faster(self) -> bool:
+        """True if a meaningfully higher refresh is available at the current resolution."""
+        return self.max_refresh - self.refresh > 1.0
+
+    def label(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.connector} · {self.name}".rstrip(" ·") if self.name else self.connector
+
+
+def _run(cmd: list[str], timeout: float = 8.0) -> str:
+    try:
+        proc = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=timeout)
+        if proc.returncode == 0:
+            return proc.stdout
+    except (subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError):
+        pass
+    return ""
+
+
+def _parse_mutter(out: str) -> list[Monitor]:
+    """Parse `busctl --json` output of Mutter DisplayConfig.GetCurrentState.
+
+    data = [serial, monitors, logical_monitors, props]; each monitor is
+    [[connector, vendor, product, serial], [modes], props]; each mode is
+    [id, width, height, refresh, scale, [scales], {props}] where props may hold is-current.
+    """
+    try:
+        data = json.loads(out)["data"]
+        raw_monitors = data[1]
+    except (json.JSONDecodeError, KeyError, IndexError, TypeError):
+        return []
+    monitors: list[Monitor] = []
+    for mon in raw_monitors:
+        try:
+            connector, vendor, product = mon[0][0], mon[0][1], mon[0][2]
+            modes = mon[1]
+        except (IndexError, TypeError):
+            continue
+        current = None
+        for m in modes:
+            props = m[6] if len(m) > 6 and isinstance(m[6], dict) else {}
+            if (props.get("is-current") or {}).get("data"):
+                current = m
+                break
+        if current is None:
+            continue
+        w, h, r = int(current[1]), int(current[2]), float(current[3])
+        max_r = max((float(m[3]) for m in modes if int(m[1]) == w and int(m[2]) == h), default=r)
+        name = f"{_PNP.get(vendor, vendor)} {product}".strip()
+        monitors.append(Monitor(connector, name, w, h, r, max_r))
+    return monitors
+
+
+def _parse_xrandr(out: str) -> list[Monitor]:
+    """Parse `xrandr --query`: an output line with the active WxH+x+y, then indented mode lines
+    whose rates carry `*` for the current one."""
+    monitors: list[Monitor] = []
+    out_re = re.compile(r"^(\S+) connected.*?(\d+)x(\d+)\+\d+\+\d+")
+    mode_re = re.compile(r"^\s+(\d+)x(\d+)\s+(.+)$")
+    name = ""
+    cw = ch = 0
+    cur_r = max_r = 0.0
+
+    def flush() -> None:
+        if name and cw and cur_r:
+            monitors.append(Monitor(name, "", cw, ch, cur_r, max_r or cur_r))
+
+    for line in out.splitlines():
+        mo = out_re.match(line)
+        if mo:
+            flush()
+            name, cw, ch = mo.group(1), int(mo.group(2)), int(mo.group(3))
+            cur_r = max_r = 0.0
+            continue
+        mm = mode_re.match(line)
+        if mm and name and int(mm.group(1)) == cw and int(mm.group(2)) == ch:
+            for tok in mm.group(3).split():
+                try:
+                    rate = float(tok.rstrip("*+"))
+                except ValueError:
+                    continue
+                max_r = max(max_r, rate)
+                if "*" in tok:
+                    cur_r = rate
+    flush()
+    return monitors
+
+
+def _mutter() -> list[Monitor]:
+    exe = shutil.which("busctl")
+    if not exe:
+        return []
+    out = _run([exe, "--user", "--json=short", "call", "org.gnome.Mutter.DisplayConfig",
+                "/org/gnome/Mutter/DisplayConfig", "org.gnome.Mutter.DisplayConfig",
+                "GetCurrentState"])
+    return _parse_mutter(out) if out.strip() else []
+
+
+def _xrandr() -> list[Monitor]:
+    if not shutil.which("xrandr"):
+        return []
+    return _parse_xrandr(_run(["xrandr", "--query"]))
+
+
+def collect() -> list[Monitor]:
+    """Connected monitors, via the first backend that returns any (Mutter, then xrandr)."""
+    for backend in (_mutter, _xrandr):
+        try:
+            monitors = backend()
+        except Exception:
+            monitors = []
+        if monitors:
+            return monitors
+    return []

src/rigdoctor/core/health.py

@@ -251,6 +251,78 @@ def check_live_temps() -> list[Finding]:
     )]
 
 
+def check_pcie_links() -> list[Finding]:
+    """Flag NVMe drives linked below their PCIe capability — a slower slot or, most often,
+    motherboard lane-sharing where a GPU/second card or another M.2 steals lanes from the slot.
+
+    Width reductions are reliable (reported as warnings); speed-only reductions are info (they can
+    also be normal link power management at idle). The GPU is intentionally not checked here:
+    NVIDIA drops its PCIe gen *and* width at idle, so a point-in-time snapshot is misleading.
+    """
+    from . import inventory
+
+    findings: list[Finding] = []
+    for name, dev in inventory.nvme_controllers():
+        cur_g, cur_w, max_g, max_w = inventory.read_link(dev)
+        if not cur_g or not max_g:
+            continue
+        if max_w and cur_w and cur_w != max_w:  # fewer lanes → almost always lane-sharing
+            findings.append(Finding(
+                WARNING, "PCIe", f"{name} linked at x{cur_w} (supports x{max_w})",
+                f"{name} negotiated PCIe Gen{cur_g} x{cur_w}, but the drive supports "
+                f"Gen{max_g} x{max_w}. Fewer lanes is usually motherboard lane-sharing — a GPU or a "
+                "second card in a PCIe slot, or another populated M.2, can steal lanes from this slot.",
+                "Check your board manual's lane-sharing table; move the drive to a full-x4 "
+                "(often CPU-attached) M.2 slot."))
+        elif cur_g < max_g:  # full width but a lower generation → slower slot or idle ASPM
+            findings.append(Finding(
+                INFO, "PCIe", f"{name} linked at Gen{cur_g} (supports Gen{max_g})",
+                f"{name} negotiated PCIe Gen{cur_g} but supports Gen{max_g}. This can be a slower "
+                "(chipset or older) M.2 slot, or normal link power management (ASPM) at idle.",
+                "If you expect full speed, check the slot and the BIOS PCIe/ASPM settings."))
+    return findings
+
+
+def check_displays() -> list[Finding]:
+    """Flag monitors running below their max refresh rate at the current resolution — e.g. a
+    165 Hz panel set to 60 Hz, a common and easily-missed gaming setting (read-only suggestion)."""
+    from . import displays
+
+    findings: list[Finding] = []
+    for m in displays.collect():
+        if m.can_go_faster:
+            findings.append(Finding(
+                INFO, "Display",
+                f"{m.connector} at {round(m.refresh)} Hz (supports {round(m.max_refresh)} Hz)",
+                f"{m.name or m.connector} is running at {round(m.refresh)} Hz at "
+                f"{m.width}x{m.height}, but supports {round(m.max_refresh)} Hz at that resolution.",
+                "Raise the refresh rate in your desktop's Display settings (GNOME: Settings → Displays)."))
+    return findings
+
+
+def check_memory_speed() -> list[Finding]:
+    """Flag RAM running below its rated speed — i.e. the XMP (Intel) / EXPO (AMD) profile isn't
+    enabled, leaving memory bandwidth on the table. Needs dmidecode (root); silent without it."""
+    from . import elevation, inventory
+
+    priv = elevation.privileged()
+    dmi = priv["dmidecode"] if (priv and priv.get("dmidecode")) else inventory._dmidecode()
+    worst: tuple[int, int] | None = None  # (configured, rated) with the biggest gap
+    for m in dmi.get("memory", []):
+        configured, rated = inventory.module_speed(m)
+        if configured and rated and configured < rated:
+            if worst is None or (rated - configured) > (worst[1] - worst[0]):
+                worst = (configured, rated)
+    if worst is None:
+        return []
+    configured, rated = worst
+    return [Finding(
+        INFO, "Memory", f"RAM at {configured} MT/s (rated {rated} MT/s)",
+        f"Memory is running at {configured} MT/s but the modules are rated {rated} MT/s — the "
+        "XMP/EXPO profile isn't enabled, so you're leaving memory bandwidth on the table.",
+        "Enable XMP (Intel) or EXPO (AMD) in your BIOS/UEFI to run at the rated speed.")]
+
+
 def run_health_checks(include_journal: bool = True) -> list[Finding]:
     """Run all checks and return findings sorted by severity (worst first).
 
@@ -273,5 +345,8 @@ def run_health_checks(include_journal: bool = True) -> list[Finding]:
     else:
         findings += check_smart()
     findings += check_live_temps()
+    findings += check_pcie_links()
+    findings += check_displays()
+    findings += check_memory_speed()  # uses elevation data if present, else dmidecode (root)
     findings.sort(key=lambda f: _ORDER.get(f.severity, 9))
     return findings

src/rigdoctor/core/inventory.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import json
 import os
 import platform
+import re
 import shutil
 import subprocess
 from dataclasses import dataclass
@@ -85,6 +86,35 @@ def _firmware(dmi: dict) -> Section:
     return Section("Firmware", items)
 
 
+# Common DDR5 XMP/EXPO speed grades (MT/s) — used to read a kit's rated speed from its part
+# number, since with XMP/EXPO off dmidecode only reports the JEDEC base (e.g. 4800).
+_DDR_SPEEDS = {4800, 5200, 5600, 6000, 6200, 6400, 6600, 6800, 7000, 7200, 7600, 8000, 8200, 8400}
+
+
+def _mts(value: str) -> int | None:
+    """Parse a dmidecode speed like '4800 MT/s' (or 'MHz') to its integer MT/s."""
+    m = re.match(r"\s*(\d+)", value or "")
+    return int(m.group(1)) if m else None
+
+
+def _rated_from_part(part: str) -> int | None:
+    """The highest known DDR speed-grade appearing as a 4-digit token in a part number."""
+    grades = [int(n) for n in re.findall(r"(?<!\d)(\d{4})(?!\d)", part or "") if int(n) in _DDR_SPEEDS]
+    return max(grades) if grades else None
+
+
+def module_speed(m: dict) -> tuple[int | None, int | None]:
+    """(configured, rated) MT/s for a dmidecode Memory Device.
+
+    Configured = what it's actually running at; rated = the highest of dmidecode's reported max
+    and the part-number speed-grade (so an unapplied XMP/EXPO profile is still detected).
+    """
+    configured = _mts(m.get("Configured Memory Speed") or m.get("Configured Clock Speed") or m.get("Speed", ""))
+    candidates = [s for s in (_mts(m.get("Speed", "")), _rated_from_part(m.get("Part Number", ""))) if s]
+    rated = max(candidates) if candidates else None
+    return configured, rated
+
+
 def _memory(dmi: dict) -> Section:
     items: list[tuple[str, str]] = []
     try:
@@ -98,8 +128,12 @@ def _memory(dmi: dict) -> Section:
     if modules:
         items.append(("Modules", str(len(modules))))
         for i, m in enumerate(modules):
-            desc = " · ".join(p for p in (m.get("Size"), m.get("Type"), m.get("Speed"), m.get("Part Number")) if p)
+            configured, rated = module_speed(m)
-            items.append((f"Slot {i}", desc))
+            speed = f"{configured} MT/s" if configured else m.get("Speed", "")
+            if rated and configured and rated > configured:  # XMP/EXPO not applied
+                speed += f" (rated {rated})"
+            parts = (m.get("Size"), m.get("Type"), speed, m.get("Part Number"))
+            items.append((f"Slot {i}", " · ".join(p for p in parts if p)))
     elif shutil.which("dmidecode"):
         items.append(("Modules", "run with admin for module details"))
     return Section("Memory", items)
@@ -123,6 +157,64 @@ def _gpu() -> Section:
     return Section("GPU", [("Device", g) for g in gpus] or [("Device", "unknown")])
 
 
+# PCIe link speed (GT/s) → generation.
+_PCIE_GEN = {"2.5": 1, "5": 2, "5.0": 2, "8": 3, "8.0": 3, "16": 4, "16.0": 4, "32": 5, "32.0": 5}
+
+
+def _gen(speed: str) -> int | None:
+    """Map a sysfs link speed like '16.0 GT/s PCIe' to its PCIe generation (4)."""
+    tok = speed.strip().split()[0] if speed.strip() else ""
+    return _PCIE_GEN.get(tok)
+
+
+def read_link(dev: Path) -> tuple[int | None, str, int | None, str]:
+    """Negotiated/max PCIe link for a PCI device dir: (cur_gen, cur_width, max_gen, max_width).
+
+    Widths are the raw sysfs strings (e.g. '4'); gens are ints (4) or None when unreadable.
+    """
+    def rd(name: str) -> str:
+        try:
+            return (dev / name).read_text().strip()
+        except OSError:
+            return ""
+
+    return (_gen(rd("current_link_speed")), rd("current_link_width"),
+            _gen(rd("max_link_speed")), rd("max_link_width"))
+
+
+def _link_desc(dev: Path) -> str:
+    """Describe a PCI device's negotiated PCIe link, noting if it's below its max.
+
+    e.g. 'PCIe Gen4 x4', or 'PCIe Gen3 x4 (capable of Gen4 x4)' when downtrained / in a
+    slower slot.
+    """
+    cur_g, cur_w, max_g, max_w = read_link(dev)
+    if not cur_g or not cur_w:
+        return ""
+    desc = f"PCIe Gen{cur_g} x{cur_w}"
+    if max_g and (cur_g < max_g or (max_w and cur_w != max_w)):
+        desc += f" (capable of Gen{max_g} x{max_w})"
+    return desc
+
+
+def nvme_controllers() -> list[tuple[str, Path]]:
+    """Each NVMe controller as (name, pci-device-dir), e.g. ('nvme0', /sys/.../device)."""
+    base = Path("/sys/class/nvme")
+    try:
+        entries = [p for p in base.iterdir() if re.fullmatch(r"nvme\d+", p.name)]
+    except OSError:
+        return []
+    return sorted((p.name, p / "device") for p in entries)
+
+
+def _nvme_link(block_name: str) -> str:
+    """PCIe link for an NVMe block device (nvme0n1 → controller nvme0); '' for non-NVMe."""
+    m = re.match(r"(nvme\d+)", block_name)
+    if not m:
+        return ""
+    return _link_desc(Path("/sys/class/nvme") / m.group(1) / "device")
+
+
 def _storage() -> Section:
     items: list[tuple[str, str]] = []
     # TYPE first so MODEL (which can contain spaces) is the trailing field.
@@ -133,15 +225,27 @@ def _storage() -> Section:
             continue
         name, size = parts[1], parts[2]
         model = parts[3] if len(parts) > 3 else ""
-        items.append((name, f"{model} ({size})".strip()))
+        desc = f"{model} ({size})".strip()
+        link = _nvme_link(name)  # NVMe PCIe gen/width (e.g. Gen4 x4), flags downtrains
+        if link:
+            desc += f" · {link}"
+        items.append((name, desc))
     return Section("Storage", items or [("Disks", "unknown")])
 
 
 def _display() -> Section:
-    return Section("Display", [
+    from . import displays
+
+    items = [
         ("Session", os.environ.get("XDG_SESSION_TYPE", "unknown")),
         ("Desktop", os.environ.get("XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP") or os.environ.get("DESKTOP_SESSION", "unknown")),
-    ])
+    ]
+    for m in displays.collect():
+        val = f"{m.width}x{m.height} @ {round(m.refresh)} Hz"
+        if m.can_go_faster:
+            val += f" (supports {round(m.max_refresh)} Hz)"
+        items.append((m.label(), val))
+    return Section("Display", items)
 
 
 def _dmidecode() -> dict:

src/rigdoctor/core/minidump.py

@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+"""Parse a Windows crash dump (``.dmp`` minidump) into text the AI can reason over (M14).
+
+Linux gamers get these from Windows games running under **Proton/Wine**: the game's
+crash handler (Crashpad/Breakpad, Unreal/Unity, or Wine itself) writes a binary minidump
+when the title hard-crashes. The file is binary, so we can't hand it to a model directly —
+we parse the documented ``MDMP`` streams with stdlib :mod:`struct` (no pip deps, per the
+core rule) and pull out the parts that actually diagnose a crash:
+
+  * the **exception / crash reason** (e.g. access violation 0xC0000005),
+  * the **faulting module** (which DLL the crash address lands in — ``nvwgf2umx.dll``,
+    ``d3d11.dll``, an anticheat, the game's own .exe…),
+  * **OS / CPU** info, and the **loaded module list**.
+
+If ``minidump_stackwalk`` (Breakpad) or ``minidump-stackwalk`` (rust-minidump) is on PATH,
+its fuller report is appended best-effort; we never depend on it.
+
+The result feeds the existing opt-in AI flow (:mod:`ai`) exactly like the sensor findings do.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import shutil
+import struct
+import subprocess
+import time
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from .health import CRITICAL, INFO, Finding
+
+# --- MDMP on-disk layout (all little-endian, packed) --------------------------------
+_SIGNATURE = b"MDMP"
+_HEADER = struct.Struct("<4sIIIIIQ")          # sig, ver, n_streams, dir_rva, csum, time, flags
+_DIRECTORY = struct.Struct("<III")            # stream_type, data_size, data_rva
+_SYSINFO = struct.Struct("<HHHBBIIIII")       # arch, lvl, rev, n_cpu, prod, maj, min, build, plat, csd
+_MODULE_STRIDE = 108                           # sizeof(MINIDUMP_MODULE)
+
+# Stream types we read (MINIDUMP_STREAM_TYPE).
+_MODULE_LIST = 4
+_EXCEPTION = 6
+_SYSTEM_INFO = 7
+_COMMENT_A = 10
+_COMMENT_W = 11
+
+_ARCH = {0: "x86", 5: "ARM", 6: "IA-64", 9: "x86-64", 12: "ARM64", 0xFFFF: "unknown"}
+_PLATFORM = {0x8201: "Linux", 0x8202: "Solaris", 0x8203: "macOS", 0x8204: "iOS",
+             0x8205: "Android", 0x8207: "NaCl"}
+
+# Common Windows exception (NTSTATUS) codes — what the model needs named, not raw hex.
+_EXCEPTION_NAMES = {
+    0x80000003: "Breakpoint",
+    0x80000004: "Single step",
+    0xC0000005: "Access violation",
+    0xC0000006: "In-page error",
+    0xC000001D: "Illegal instruction",
+    0xC0000025: "Noncontinuable exception",
+    0xC000008C: "Array bounds exceeded",
+    0xC000008E: "Float divide by zero",
+    0xC0000090: "Float invalid operation",
+    0xC0000094: "Integer divide by zero",
+    0xC0000095: "Integer overflow",
+    0xC0000096: "Privileged instruction",
+    0xC00000FD: "Stack overflow",
+    0xC0000135: "DLL not found",
+    0xC0000142: "DLL initialization failed",
+    0xC0000374: "Heap corruption",
+    0xC0000409: "Stack buffer overrun / fast fail",
+    0xC000041D: "Fatal user-callback exception",
+    0xE06D7363: "C++ exception (MSVC)",
+}
+_ACCESS = {0: "reading", 1: "writing", 8: "executing"}  # AV ExceptionInformation[0]
+
+_STACKWALK_BINS = ("minidump_stackwalk", "minidump-stackwalk")
+_MODULES_SHOWN = 80  # cap the module list so the AI prompt stays bounded
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Module:
+    name: str   # basename only
+    base: int
+    size: int
+
+
+@dataclass
+class MinidumpReport:
+    path: str
+    ok: bool = False
+    error: str = ""
+    crash_reason: str = ""
+    exception_code: int | None = None
+    exception_address: int | None = None
+    faulting_module: str | None = None
+    crashing_thread: int | None = None
+    os_name: str = ""
+    cpu_arch: str = ""
+    cpu_count: int = 0
+    timestamp: int | None = None
+    modules: list[Module] = field(default_factory=list)
+    comment: str = ""
+    stackwalk: str = ""
+
+
+def parse(path, *, run_stackwalk: bool = True) -> MinidumpReport:
+    """Parse a ``.dmp`` file. Never raises — a bad/unsupported file returns ``ok=False``."""
+    report = MinidumpReport(path=str(path))
+    try:
+        data = Path(path).read_bytes()
+    except OSError as exc:
+        report.error = f"can't read the file: {exc}"
+        return report
+    if len(data) < _HEADER.size or data[:4] != _SIGNATURE:
+        report.error = "not a Windows minidump (missing the 'MDMP' signature)."
+        return report
+    try:
+        _sig, _ver, n_streams, dir_rva, _csum, ts, _flags = _HEADER.unpack_from(data, 0)
+        report.timestamp = ts or None
+        streams = _streams(data, dir_rva, n_streams)
+        _read_system_info(data, streams.get(_SYSTEM_INFO), report)
+        report.modules = _read_modules(data, streams.get(_MODULE_LIST))
+        _read_exception(data, streams.get(_EXCEPTION), report)
+        report.comment = _read_comment(data, streams)
+    except (struct.error, ValueError, IndexError) as exc:
+        report.error = f"the minidump looks corrupt or unsupported: {exc}"
+        return report
+    if report.exception_address is not None:
+        report.faulting_module = _module_at(report.modules, report.exception_address)
+    report.ok = True
+    if run_stackwalk:
+        report.stackwalk = stackwalk(path)
+    return report
+
+
+def _streams(data: bytes, dir_rva: int, n: int) -> dict[int, tuple[int, int]]:
+    """Map stream_type -> (data_size, data_rva). First occurrence of each type wins."""
+    out: dict[int, tuple[int, int]] = {}
+    for i in range(n):
+        off = dir_rva + i * _DIRECTORY.size
+        if off + _DIRECTORY.size > len(data):
+            break
+        stype, size, rva = _DIRECTORY.unpack_from(data, off)
+        out.setdefault(stype, (size, rva))
+    return out
+
+
+def _read_system_info(data: bytes, loc, report: MinidumpReport) -> None:
+    if not loc:
+        return
+    _size, rva = loc
+    arch, _lvl, _rev, n_cpu, _prod, major, minor, build, platform, _csd = \
+        _SYSINFO.unpack_from(data, rva)
+    report.cpu_arch = _ARCH.get(arch, f"arch 0x{arch:x}")
+    report.cpu_count = n_cpu
+    if platform == 2:  # VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT
+        report.os_name = f"Windows {major}.{minor}.{build}"
+    elif platform in _PLATFORM:
+        ver = f" {major}.{minor}.{build}" if (major or minor or build) else ""
+        report.os_name = _PLATFORM[platform] + ver
+    else:
+        report.os_name = f"platform 0x{platform:x} {major}.{minor}.{build}"
+
+
+def _read_modules(data: bytes, loc) -> list[Module]:
+    if not loc:
+        return []
+    _size, rva = loc
+    (count,) = struct.unpack_from("<I", data, rva)
+    base_off = rva + 4
+    modules: list[Module] = []
+    for i in range(count):
+        rec = base_off + i * _MODULE_STRIDE
+        if rec + _MODULE_STRIDE > len(data):
+            break
+        base, = struct.unpack_from("<Q", data, rec)
+        size, = struct.unpack_from("<I", data, rec + 8)
+        name_rva, = struct.unpack_from("<I", data, rec + 20)
+        modules.append(Module(_read_mdstring(data, name_rva), base, size))
+    return modules
+
+
+def _read_exception(data: bytes, loc, report: MinidumpReport) -> None:
+    if not loc:
+        return
+    _size, rva = loc
+    thread_id, = struct.unpack_from("<I", data, rva)            # MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_STREAM
+    code, = struct.unpack_from("<I", data, rva + 8)             # ExceptionRecord.ExceptionCode
+    address, = struct.unpack_from("<Q", data, rva + 24)         # ExceptionRecord.ExceptionAddress
+    n_params, = struct.unpack_from("<I", data, rva + 32)
+    report.crashing_thread = thread_id
+    report.exception_code = code
+    report.exception_address = address
+    report.crash_reason = _describe_exception(data, rva, code, n_params)
+
+
+def _describe_exception(data: bytes, rva: int, code: int, n_params: int) -> str:
+    name = _EXCEPTION_NAMES.get(code, "Unknown exception")
+    reason = f"{name} (0x{code:08X})"
+    if code in (0xC0000005, 0xC0000006) and n_params >= 2:
+        op = struct.unpack_from("<Q", data, rva + 40)[0]       # ExceptionInformation[0]
+        addr = struct.unpack_from("<Q", data, rva + 48)[0]     # ExceptionInformation[1]
+        reason += f" {_ACCESS.get(op, 'accessing')} 0x{addr:X}"
+    return reason
+
+
+def _read_mdstring(data: bytes, rva: int) -> str:
+    """A MINIDUMP_STRING (u32 byte-length + UTF-16LE), returned as a basename."""
+    if not rva or rva + 4 > len(data):
+        return ""
+    length, = struct.unpack_from("<I", data, rva)
+    start = rva + 4
+    raw = data[start:start + length]
+    text = raw.decode("utf-16-le", "replace").strip("\x00")
+    return text.replace("\\", "/").rsplit("/", 1)[-1] or text
+
+
+def _read_comment(data: bytes, streams: dict[int, tuple[int, int]]) -> str:
+    if _COMMENT_W in streams:
+        size, rva = streams[_COMMENT_W]
+        return data[rva:rva + size].decode("utf-16-le", "replace").strip("\x00").strip()
+    if _COMMENT_A in streams:
+        size, rva = streams[_COMMENT_A]
+        return data[rva:rva + size].decode("utf-8", "replace").strip("\x00").strip()
+    return ""
+
+
+def _module_at(modules: list[Module], address: int) -> str | None:
+    for m in modules:
+        if m.base <= address < m.base + m.size:
+            return m.name
+    return None
+
+
+def stackwalk(path, timeout: float = 25.0, max_chars: int = 12000) -> str:
+    """Best-effort fuller report from an external stackwalker, or '' if none is installed."""
+    exe = next((shutil.which(name) for name in _STACKWALK_BINS if shutil.which(name)), None)
+    if not exe:
+        return ""
+    try:
+        proc = subprocess.run(
+            [exe, str(path)], capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=timeout, check=False)
+    except (OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError):
+        return ""
+    return (proc.stdout or "").strip()[:max_chars]
+
+
+# --- rendering ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def to_text(report: MinidumpReport) -> str:
+    """Human-readable structured summary (also shown in the GUI)."""
+    name = Path(report.path).name
+    lines = [f"Crash dump: {name}"]
+    if report.crash_reason:
+        lines.append(f"Crash reason: {report.crash_reason}")
+    if report.faulting_module:
+        lines.append(f"Faulting module: {report.faulting_module}")
+    elif report.exception_address is not None:
+        lines.append(f"Faulting address: 0x{report.exception_address:X} (no module matched)")
+    if report.crashing_thread is not None:
+        lines.append(f"Crashing thread: {report.crashing_thread}")
+    if report.os_name:
+        lines.append(f"OS: {report.os_name}")
+    if report.cpu_arch:
+        cpus = f" ({report.cpu_count} logical)" if report.cpu_count else ""
+        lines.append(f"CPU: {report.cpu_arch}{cpus}")
+    if report.timestamp:
+        lines.append("Captured: " + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(report.timestamp)))
+    if report.modules:
+        shown = report.modules[:_MODULES_SHOWN]
+        more = len(report.modules) - len(shown)
+        lines.append(f"\nLoaded modules ({len(report.modules)}):")
+        lines += [f"- {m.name}" for m in shown if m.name]
+        if more > 0:
+            lines.append(f"- (+{more} more)")
+    if report.comment:
+        lines.append(f"\nDump comment:\n{report.comment[:1000]}")
+    return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+def to_ai_text(report: MinidumpReport) -> str:
+    """The block sent to the model: Proton/Linux framing + summary + stackwalk."""
+    framing = (
+        "These findings come from a Windows crash minidump (.dmp) produced by a game running "
+        "under Proton/Wine on Linux. The faulting modules are Windows DLLs inside the Proton "
+        "prefix, so the crash is a Windows-process fault but the fixes are Linux/Proton-side "
+        "(Proton version, DXVK/VKD3D, GPU driver, launch options, shader cache) — never Windows "
+        "admin/registry steps."
+    )
+    parts = [framing, "", to_text(report)]
+    if report.stackwalk:
+        parts.append("\nminidump_stackwalk output:\n" + report.stackwalk)
+    return "\n".join(parts)
+
+
+def to_findings(report: MinidumpReport) -> list[Finding]:
+    """Render the dump as Finding cards for the GUI (mirrors the health report)."""
+    findings: list[Finding] = []
+    detail_bits = []
+    if report.faulting_module:
+        detail_bits.append(f"in {report.faulting_module}")
+    if report.exception_address is not None:
+        detail_bits.append(f"at 0x{report.exception_address:X}")
+    detail = (report.crash_reason or "Crash recorded")
+    if detail_bits:
+        detail += " " + " ".join(detail_bits) + "."
+    findings.append(Finding(
+        CRITICAL, "Crash dump",
+        f"Crash in {report.faulting_module}" if report.faulting_module else "Crash recorded",
+        detail,
+        "Use “Explain with AI” for likely causes and Proton-side fixes.",
+    ))
+    env_bits = [b for b in (report.os_name, report.cpu_arch and f"{report.cpu_arch} CPU") if b]
+    if env_bits:
+        findings.append(Finding(
+            INFO, "Crash dump", "Dump environment", " · ".join(env_bits)))
+    return findings

src/rigdoctor/core/updates.py

@@ -8,11 +8,14 @@ state for the UI; `apply_update` performs the no-root self-update.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import functools
 import json
+import shutil
 import subprocess
 import sys
 import urllib.error
 import urllib.request
+from pathlib import Path
 
 from .. import __version__
 from ..config import load_token
@@ -31,6 +34,50 @@ UP_TO_DATE = "up-to-date"
 AVAILABLE = "available"
 
 
+APT_PACKAGE = "rigdoctor"
+
+
+def _dpkg_owns(path: Path) -> bool:
+    """True if dpkg reports `path` belongs to a package (i.e. an apt/.deb install)."""
+    if not shutil.which("dpkg"):
+        return False
+    try:
+        r = subprocess.run(["dpkg", "-S", str(path)], capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=5)
+    except (subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError):
+        return False
+    return r.returncode == 0 and APT_PACKAGE in r.stdout
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=1)
+def install_kind() -> str:
+    """How RigDoctor was installed: 'apt' (.deb), 'pip' (venv/.run), or 'dev' (source checkout).
+
+    Decides which updater to use: only 'pip' can self-update in place; apt is root/dpkg-managed
+    and source is VCS-managed, so those are guided rather than auto-applied.
+    """
+    pkg = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]  # .../rigdoctor
+    if _dpkg_owns(pkg / "__init__.py"):
+        return "apt"
+    if sys.prefix != sys.base_prefix:  # inside a venv → the pip/.run install
+        return "pip"
+    if (pkg.parents[1] / "pyproject.toml").exists():  # repo checkout
+        return "dev"
+    if str(pkg).startswith("/usr/") or "/dist-packages/" in str(pkg):
+        return "apt"  # system-managed but no dpkg record — still don't pip
+    return "pip"
+
+
+def update_hint(kind: str | None = None) -> str:
+    """Human guidance for installs that can't self-update via pip (apt / source)."""
+    kind = kind or install_kind()
+    if kind == "apt":
+        return ("Installed via apt — update with:\n"
+                f"  sudo apt update && sudo apt install --only-upgrade {APT_PACKAGE}")
+    if kind == "dev":
+        return "Running from a source checkout — update with `git pull`."
+    return ""
+
+
 def _parse(version: str) -> tuple[int, ...]:
     return tuple(int(p) for p in version.lstrip("vV").split(".") if p.isdigit())
 
@@ -100,11 +147,16 @@ def list_releases(limit: int = 15, timeout: float = 6.0) -> tuple[list[tuple[str
 
 
 def apply_update(tag: str) -> tuple[int, str]:
-    """Self-update the current (user-local) install to `tag` via authenticated pip.
+    """Update to `tag` using the method matching how RigDoctor was installed.
 
-    Installs `rigdoctor[gui] @ git+https://oauth2:<token>@…/rigdoctor.git@<tag>` into
+    Only pip/venv installs are upgraded in place (authenticated pip install of
-    the running environment. Returns (exit_code, output) with the token scrubbed.
+    `rigdoctor[gui] @ git+https://oauth2:<token>@…/rigdoctor.git@<tag>`). apt and source
+    installs can't be (root/dpkg- or VCS-managed), so they return guidance instead of
+    attempting pip. Returns (exit_code, output) with the token scrubbed.
     """
+    kind = install_kind()
+    if kind != "pip":
+        return (1, update_hint(kind))
     token = load_token()
     if not token:
         return (1, "No update token configured. Run `rigdoctor login`.")

src/rigdoctor/gui/games_page.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ from PySide6.QtWidgets import (
     QApplication,
     QCheckBox,
     QDialog,
+    QFileDialog,
     QFrame,
     QHBoxLayout,
     QLabel,
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ from PySide6.QtWidgets import (
 
 from ..config import load_config, update_config
 from .diagnostic_dialog import DiagnosticDialog
+from .minidump_dialog import MinidumpDialog
 from .theme import ACCENT, GOOD, MUTED, WARN
 
 
@@ -79,6 +81,7 @@ class GamesPage(QWidget):
     _scanned = Signal(object)          # steam.ScanResult
     new_count_changed = Signal(int)    # newly-installed game count (for the nav badge)
     _diag_done = Signal(object)        # DiagnosticResult — focused capture analyzed
+    _dump_parsed = Signal(object)      # minidump.MinidumpReport — imported .dmp (or None)
 
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         super().__init__()
@@ -86,6 +89,7 @@ class GamesPage(QWidget):
         self._libraries_ready.connect(self._render_libraries)
         self._scanned.connect(self._render_games)
         self._diag_done.connect(self._on_diag_done)
+        self._dump_parsed.connect(self._on_dump_parsed)
         self._busy = False
         self._new_appids: set[str] = set()
         self._extra_games: list = []  # non-Steam (Lutris/Heroic), appended after a scan
@@ -103,6 +107,11 @@ class GamesPage(QWidget):
         self._status = QLabel("")
         self._status.setObjectName("Muted")
         header.addWidget(self._status)
+        # Import a Windows crash dump (.dmp) from a Proton game and analyze it with AI.
+        # Shown only when an AI provider is configured (AI analysis is the point).
+        self._import_btn = QPushButton("Import crash dump…")
+        self._import_btn.clicked.connect(self._import_dump)
+        header.addWidget(self._import_btn)
         self._autocap_btn = QPushButton("Auto-capture…")
         self._autocap_btn.clicked.connect(self._show_autocapture)
         header.addWidget(self._autocap_btn)
@@ -192,6 +201,7 @@ class GamesPage(QWidget):
         self._load_cached()                       # instant display from the last scan
         QTimer.singleShot(400, self.refresh)      # then rescan in the background on launch
         self._check_crash()                       # surface an interrupted (crashed) diagnostic
+        self._refresh_import_btn()                # show Import only if AI is configured
 
     # --- loading ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -450,6 +460,49 @@ class GamesPage(QWidget):
         v.addLayout(buttons)
         dlg.exec()
 
+    # --- import a crash dump (.dmp) ---------------------------------------------------
+
+    def _refresh_import_btn(self) -> None:
+        from ..core import ai
+
+        self._import_btn.setVisible(ai.is_configured())
+
+    def _import_dump(self) -> None:
+        from ..core import ai
+
+        if not ai.is_configured():
+            QMessageBox.information(
+                self, "RigDoctor",
+                "Set up an AI provider first (Settings → AI assistant) to analyze a crash dump.")
+            return
+        path, _ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(
+            self, "Import crash dump", os.path.expanduser("~"),
+            "Crash dumps (*.dmp);;All files (*)")
+        if not path:
+            return
+        self._import_btn.setEnabled(False)
+        self._status.setText("Parsing crash dump…")
+        threading.Thread(target=self._work_import, args=(path,), daemon=True).start()
+
+    def _work_import(self, path: str) -> None:
+        from ..core import minidump
+
+        try:
+            report = minidump.parse(path)  # parses + runs minidump_stackwalk if installed
+        except Exception:
+            report = None
+        self._dump_parsed.emit(report)
+
+    def _on_dump_parsed(self, report) -> None:
+        self._import_btn.setEnabled(True)
+        self._status.setText("")
+        if report is None or not report.ok:
+            detail = report.error if report is not None else "Couldn't read the file."
+            QMessageBox.warning(
+                self, "Import crash dump", f"Couldn't analyze the dump — {detail}")
+            return
+        MinidumpDialog(report, self).exec()
+
     # --- hard-crash recovery ----------------------------------------------------------
 
     def _check_crash(self) -> None:
@@ -498,6 +551,7 @@ class GamesPage(QWidget):
         # Viewing the list acknowledges the new games: clear the sidebar badge. The NEW
         # tags stay on the rows for this session so the user can still spot them.
         super().showEvent(event)
+        self._refresh_import_btn()  # AI may have been configured since this page was built
         if self._new_appids:
             from ..core import steam
 

src/rigdoctor/gui/main_window.py

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ from PySide6.QtWidgets import (
     QMainWindow,
     QMessageBox,
     QPushButton,
+    QScrollArea,
     QStackedWidget,
     QSystemTrayIcon,
     QTextEdit,
@@ -51,6 +52,10 @@ _NAV = [
     ("App", ["Settings", "Share"]),
 ]
 _PAGES = [name for _section, names in _NAV for name in names]
+# Pages that manage their own scrolling (pinned header + inner scroll) or must fill the
+# viewport (the Share terminal) — these are added to the stack as-is; every other page is
+# wrapped in a QScrollArea so it scrolls when too tall and doesn't pin the window's height.
+_NO_WRAP = {"Dashboard", "System Health", "Inventory", "Share"}
 _ICON = Path(__file__).parent / "assets" / "rigdoctor.svg"
 
 
@@ -68,7 +73,11 @@ class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
 
         central = QWidget()
         self.setCentralWidget(central)
-        layout = QHBoxLayout(central)
+        outer = QVBoxLayout(central)
+        outer.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
+        outer.setSpacing(0)
+        body = QWidget()
+        layout = QHBoxLayout(body)
         layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
         layout.setSpacing(0)
 
@@ -100,11 +109,14 @@ class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
             "Share": self.share_page,
         }
         for name in _PAGES:
-            self._stack.addWidget(self._pages[name])
+            page = self._pages[name]
+            self._stack.addWidget(page if name in _NO_WRAP else self._scrollable(page))
         content_layout.addWidget(self._stack)
 
         layout.addWidget(self._build_sidebar())
         layout.addWidget(content, 1)
+        outer.addWidget(body, 1)
+        outer.addWidget(self._build_footer())
 
         self._worker = SamplerWorker(interval=interval)
         self._worker.sampled.connect(self.dashboard.update_sample)
@@ -216,9 +228,6 @@ class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
         v.addStretch(1)
         live = QLabel(f'<span style="color:{ACCENT};">●</span> <span style="color:{MUTED};">Live</span>')
         v.addWidget(live)
-        version = QLabel(f"v{__version__}")
-        version.setObjectName("Muted")
-        v.addWidget(version)
         changelog_btn = QPushButton("Changelog")
         changelog_btn.setObjectName("LinkButton")
         changelog_btn.setCursor(Qt.CursorShape.PointingHandCursor)
@@ -248,6 +257,27 @@ class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
         v.addWidget(self._restart_btn)
         return bar
 
+    def _scrollable(self, page: QWidget) -> QScrollArea:
+        """Wrap a page so it scrolls when taller than the window — and so the window can shrink
+        below the page's natural height instead of being pinned to it."""
+        area = QScrollArea()
+        area.setWidget(page)
+        area.setWidgetResizable(True)
+        area.setFrameShape(QFrame.Shape.NoFrame)
+        area.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt.ScrollBarPolicy.ScrollBarAlwaysOff)
+        return area
+
+    def _build_footer(self) -> QFrame:
+        bar = QFrame()
+        bar.setObjectName("Footer")
+        h = QHBoxLayout(bar)
+        h.setContentsMargins(14, 5, 16, 5)
+        h.addStretch(1)
+        version = QLabel(f"RigDoctor v{__version__}")
+        version.setObjectName("Muted")
+        h.addWidget(version)
+        return bar
+
     def _restart(self) -> None:
         gui = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(sys.executable), "rigdoctor-gui")
         if os.path.exists(gui):
@@ -259,6 +289,9 @@ class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
     def _apply_update(self) -> None:
         if not self._latest_tag:
             return
+        if updates.install_kind() != "pip":  # apt/source: can't pip-update — show the command
+            QMessageBox.information(self, "Update RigDoctor", updates.update_hint())
+            return
         box = QMessageBox(self)
         box.setWindowTitle(f"Update to {self._latest_tag}")
         box.setText(f"Update RigDoctor to {self._latest_tag}?")
@@ -424,7 +457,7 @@ class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
             self._update_label.setText("update check unavailable")
         elif state == updates.AVAILABLE:
             self._update_label.setText(f'<span style="color:{GOOD};">{tag} available</span>')
-            self._update_btn.setText(f"Update to {tag}")
+            self._update_btn.setText(f"Update to {tag}" if updates.install_kind() == "pip" else "How to update")
             self._update_btn.setVisible(True)
             if self._alert_monitor.enabled and tag != self._notified_update_tag:
                 self._notified_update_tag = tag  # once per version, not every poll

src/rigdoctor/gui/minidump_dialog.py

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+"""Results view for an imported crash dump (.dmp, M14): parsed summary + AI explanation.
+
+Mirrors :class:`DiagnosticDialog` — the same opt-in, streamed "Explain with AI" flow (D24),
+applied to a Windows minidump parsed by :mod:`core.minidump` instead of a sensor capture.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import threading
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from PySide6.QtCore import Qt, Signal
+from PySide6.QtGui import QFont, QTextCursor
+from PySide6.QtWidgets import (
+    QDialog,
+    QFrame,
+    QHBoxLayout,
+    QLabel,
+    QMessageBox,
+    QPushButton,
+    QScrollArea,
+    QTextEdit,
+    QVBoxLayout,
+    QWidget,
+)
+
+from ..core import minidump
+from .widgets import finding_card
+
+
+class MinidumpDialog(QDialog):
+    _chunk = Signal(str)         # streamed token delta (worker thread -> GUI)
+    _explained = Signal(object)  # (ok, full_text) when the AI stream finishes
+
+    def __init__(self, report: minidump.MinidumpReport, parent=None) -> None:
+        super().__init__(parent)
+        self._report = report
+        self._stream_view = None
+        self._stream_status = None
+        self._chunk.connect(self._on_chunk)
+        self._explained.connect(self._on_explained)
+        name = Path(report.path).name
+        self.setWindowTitle(f"Crash dump — {name}")
+        self.resize(660, 680)
+
+        root = QVBoxLayout(self)
+        root.setContentsMargins(20, 18, 20, 16)
+        root.setSpacing(14)
+
+        title = QLabel(f"Crash dump — {name}")
+        title.setObjectName("PageTitle")
+        root.addWidget(title)
+
+        scroll = QScrollArea()
+        scroll.setWidgetResizable(True)
+        scroll.setFrameShape(QFrame.Shape.NoFrame)
+        scroll.setStyleSheet("background: transparent;")
+        body = QWidget()
+        col = QVBoxLayout(body)
+        col.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
+        col.setSpacing(10)
+        col.setAlignment(Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignTop)
+
+        # Parsed summary (crash reason / faulting module / OS / CPU / modules) — monospace.
+        summary_head = QLabel("Dump summary")
+        summary_head.setStyleSheet("font-weight: 700; background: transparent;")
+        col.addWidget(summary_head)
+        summary = QLabel(minidump.to_text(report))
+        summary.setObjectName("Report")
+        summary.setFont(QFont("monospace"))
+        summary.setTextInteractionFlags(Qt.TextInteractionFlag.TextSelectableByMouse)
+        summary.setWordWrap(False)
+        summary.setStyleSheet(
+            "background: #0d0f13; color: #cfd3da; border: 1px solid #2a2f39; "
+            "border-radius: 8px; padding: 10px;"
+        )
+        col.addWidget(summary)
+
+        findings = minidump.to_findings(report)
+        find_head = QLabel(f"Findings ({len(findings)})")
+        find_head.setStyleSheet("font-weight: 700; background: transparent;")
+        col.addWidget(find_head)
+        for finding in findings:
+            col.addWidget(finding_card(finding))
+
+        if report.stackwalk:  # only when an external stackwalker was available
+            sw_head = QLabel("minidump_stackwalk output")
+            sw_head.setStyleSheet("font-weight: 700; background: transparent;")
+            col.addWidget(sw_head)
+            sw = QTextEdit()
+            sw.setObjectName("Report")
+            sw.setReadOnly(True)
+            sw.setFont(QFont("monospace"))
+            sw.setPlainText(report.stackwalk)
+            sw.setMinimumHeight(160)
+            col.addWidget(sw)
+
+        scroll.setWidget(body)
+        root.addWidget(scroll, 1)
+
+        buttons = QHBoxLayout()
+        self._explain_btn = QPushButton("Explain with AI")
+        self._explain_btn.clicked.connect(self._explain_with_ai)
+        from ..core import ai
+        self._explain_btn.setVisible(ai.is_configured())  # opt-in only; hidden if not set up
+        buttons.addWidget(self._explain_btn)
+        buttons.addStretch(1)
+        close = QPushButton("Close")
+        close.setObjectName("PrimaryButton")
+        close.clicked.connect(self.accept)
+        buttons.addWidget(close)
+        root.addLayout(buttons)
+
+    # --- AI explanation (M14, D24) — streamed; runs only on this button press ----------
+    def _explain_with_ai(self) -> None:
+        from ..core import ai
+
+        if not ai.is_local():  # cloud provider → explicit consent before sending data
+            confirm = QMessageBox.question(
+                self, "Send to AI provider",
+                f"This sends the parsed crash dump to {ai.provider_label()}.\n\nContinue?",
+                QMessageBox.StandardButton.Yes | QMessageBox.StandardButton.No,
+                QMessageBox.StandardButton.No,
+            )
+            if confirm != QMessageBox.StandardButton.Yes:
+                return
+        self._explain_btn.setEnabled(False)
+        dialog = self._open_stream_dialog()
+        threading.Thread(target=self._work_explain, daemon=True).start()
+        dialog.exec()  # streaming fills the view live via signals during this nested loop
+        self._stream_view = self._stream_status = None
+        self._explain_btn.setEnabled(True)
+
+    def _work_explain(self) -> None:
+        from ..core import ai
+
+        text = minidump.to_ai_text(self._report)
+        ok, reply = ai.explain_stream(text, on_chunk=lambda d: self._chunk.emit(d))
+        self._explained.emit((ok, reply))
+
+    def _on_chunk(self, delta: str) -> None:
+        if self._stream_view is None:
+            return
+        self._stream_view.moveCursor(QTextCursor.MoveOperation.End)
+        self._stream_view.insertPlainText(delta)  # live plain text as tokens arrive
+        self._stream_view.ensureCursorVisible()
+
+    def _on_explained(self, result) -> None:
+        ok, text = result
+        if self._stream_view is not None:
+            if ok:
+                self._stream_view.setMarkdown(text)  # re-render the finished answer as Markdown
+            else:
+                self._stream_view.setPlainText(f"AI explanation failed:\n\n{text}")
+        if self._stream_status is not None:
+            self._stream_status.setText(
+                "AI-generated suggestions — verify before acting, especially anything that changes "
+                "settings or data." if ok else "The request failed.")
+
+    def _open_stream_dialog(self) -> QDialog:
+        """A live dialog the AI streams into; finalized to rendered Markdown when done."""
+        from ..core import ai
+
+        dlg = QDialog(self)
+        dlg.setWindowTitle(f"AI explanation — {ai.provider_label()}")
+        dlg.resize(620, 520)
+        lay = QVBoxLayout(dlg)
+        view = QTextEdit()
+        view.setObjectName("Report")
+        view.setReadOnly(True)
+        lay.addWidget(view)
+        status = QLabel("Streaming from the model…")
+        status.setObjectName("Muted")
+        status.setWordWrap(True)
+        lay.addWidget(status)
+        close = QPushButton("Close")
+        close.setObjectName("PrimaryButton")
+        close.clicked.connect(dlg.accept)
+        lay.addWidget(close, alignment=Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignRight)
+        self._stream_view = view
+        self._stream_status = status
+        return dlg

src/rigdoctor/gui/theme.py

@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@ QMainWindow, #ContentArea, #Page {{ background: {BG}; }}
 QLabel {{ background: transparent; }}
 
 #Sidebar {{ background: {SIDEBAR}; border-right: 1px solid {CARD_BORDER}; }}
+#Footer {{ background: {SIDEBAR}; border-top: 1px solid {CARD_BORDER}; }}
+#Footer QLabel {{ font-size: 11px; }}
 #AppTitle {{ font-size: 17px; font-weight: 800; }}
 #AppSubtitle {{ color: {MUTED}; font-size: 11px; }}
 

tests/test_displays.py

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+"""Tests for display detection (Mutter D-Bus JSON + xrandr parsers)."""
+
+import unittest
+
+from rigdoctor.core import displays
+
+# Minimal Mutter GetCurrentState (busctl --json) shape: current mode is 60 Hz, panel max 165 Hz.
+_MUTTER_60 = (
+    '{"type":"x","data":[1,[[["DP-1","SAM","LC34G55T","S"],['
+    '["3440x1440@60",3440,1440,60.0,1.0,[1.0],{"is-current":{"type":"b","data":true}}],'
+    '["3440x1440@165",3440,1440,165.0,1.0,[1.0],{"is-preferred":{"type":"b","data":true}}]'
+    '],{}]],[],{}]}'
+)
+_MUTTER_MAX = (
+    '{"type":"x","data":[1,[[["DP-1","SAM","LC34G55T","S"],['
+    '["3440x1440@165",3440,1440,165.0,1.0,[1.0],{"is-current":{"type":"b","data":true}}],'
+    '["3440x1440@60",3440,1440,60.0,1.0,[1.0],{}]'
+    '],{}]],[],{}]}'
+)
+
+_XRANDR_60 = """Screen 0: minimum 8 x 8, current 3440 x 1440, maximum 16384 x 16384
+DP-1 connected primary 3440x1440+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 800mm x 335mm
+   3440x1440     60.00*+  165.00   100.00
+   2560x1440    165.00    60.00
+HDMI-1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
+"""
+
+
+class MutterParseTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_parses_and_flags_higher_refresh(self):
+        mons = displays._parse_mutter(_MUTTER_60)
+        self.assertEqual(len(mons), 1)
+        m = mons[0]
+        self.assertEqual(m.connector, "DP-1")
+        self.assertEqual(m.name, "Samsung LC34G55T")  # PNP code SAM mapped
+        self.assertEqual((m.width, m.height), (3440, 1440))
+        self.assertEqual(round(m.refresh), 60)
+        self.assertEqual(round(m.max_refresh), 165)
+        self.assertTrue(m.can_go_faster)
+
+    def test_at_max_is_not_flagged(self):
+        m = displays._parse_mutter(_MUTTER_MAX)[0]
+        self.assertEqual(round(m.refresh), 165)
+        self.assertFalse(m.can_go_faster)
+
+    def test_garbage_returns_empty(self):
+        self.assertEqual(displays._parse_mutter("not json"), [])
+        self.assertEqual(displays._parse_mutter("{}"), [])
+
+
+class XrandrParseTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_current_and_max_refresh(self):
+        mons = displays._parse_xrandr(_XRANDR_60)
+        self.assertEqual(len(mons), 1)  # disconnected output ignored
+        m = mons[0]
+        self.assertEqual(m.connector, "DP-1")
+        self.assertEqual((m.width, m.height), (3440, 1440))
+        self.assertEqual(round(m.refresh), 60)
+        self.assertEqual(round(m.max_refresh), 165)
+        self.assertTrue(m.can_go_faster)
+
+    def test_empty_returns_empty(self):
+        self.assertEqual(displays._parse_xrandr(""), [])
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/test_health.py

@@ -1,8 +1,20 @@
 """Tests for the M4 health report's log scanner (synthetic input)."""
 
 import unittest
+from pathlib import Path
+from unittest import mock
 
-from rigdoctor.core.health import CRITICAL, WARNING, run_health_checks, scan_journal_text
+from rigdoctor.core import displays, health
+from rigdoctor.core.health import (
+    CRITICAL,
+    INFO,
+    WARNING,
+    check_displays,
+    check_memory_speed,
+    check_pcie_links,
+    run_health_checks,
+    scan_journal_text,
+)
 
 
 class HealthScanTests(unittest.TestCase):
@@ -42,5 +54,70 @@ class HealthScanTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(ranks, sorted(ranks))
 
 
+class PcieLinkCheckTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def _with_link(self, cur_g, cur_w, max_g, max_w):
+        # one fake NVMe controller returning the given link tuple
+        return (mock.patch("rigdoctor.core.inventory.nvme_controllers",
+                           return_value=[("nvme0", Path("/x"))]),
+                mock.patch("rigdoctor.core.inventory.read_link",
+                           return_value=(cur_g, cur_w, max_g, max_w)))
+
+    def test_reduced_width_is_a_warning_about_lane_sharing(self):
+        ctrls, link = self._with_link(4, "2", 4, "4")  # Gen4 x2 but supports x4
+        with ctrls, link:
+            findings = check_pcie_links()
+        self.assertEqual(len(findings), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(findings[0].severity, WARNING)
+        self.assertIn("lane-sharing", findings[0].detail)
+
+    def test_reduced_speed_only_is_info(self):
+        ctrls, link = self._with_link(3, "4", 4, "4")  # Gen3 x4 but supports Gen4
+        with ctrls, link:
+            findings = check_pcie_links()
+        self.assertEqual(len(findings), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(findings[0].severity, INFO)
+
+    def test_full_speed_no_finding(self):
+        ctrls, link = self._with_link(4, "4", 4, "4")
+        with ctrls, link:
+            self.assertEqual(check_pcie_links(), [])
+
+
+class DisplayCheckTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_lower_than_max_refresh_is_flagged(self):
+        mon = displays.Monitor("DP-1", "Samsung LC34G55T", 3440, 1440, 60.0, 165.0)
+        with mock.patch("rigdoctor.core.displays.collect", return_value=[mon]):
+            findings = check_displays()
+        self.assertEqual(len(findings), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(findings[0].severity, INFO)
+        self.assertIn("165", findings[0].title)
+
+    def test_at_max_refresh_no_finding(self):
+        mon = displays.Monitor("DP-1", "Samsung LC34G55T", 3440, 1440, 165.0, 165.0)
+        with mock.patch("rigdoctor.core.displays.collect", return_value=[mon]):
+            self.assertEqual(check_displays(), [])
+
+
+class MemorySpeedCheckTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def _dmi(self, configured, part):
+        return {"memory": [{"Configured Memory Speed": configured, "Speed": configured,
+                            "Part Number": part}]}
+
+    def test_flags_unapplied_expo(self):
+        dmi = self._dmi("4800 MT/s", "CMK32GX5M2B5600Z36")
+        with mock.patch("rigdoctor.core.elevation.privileged", return_value=None), \
+             mock.patch("rigdoctor.core.inventory._dmidecode", return_value=dmi):
+            findings = check_memory_speed()
+        self.assertEqual(len(findings), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(findings[0].severity, INFO)
+        self.assertIn("5600", findings[0].title)
+
+    def test_no_flag_at_rated(self):
+        dmi = self._dmi("5600 MT/s", "CMK32GX5M2B5600Z36")
+        with mock.patch("rigdoctor.core.elevation.privileged", return_value=None), \
+             mock.patch("rigdoctor.core.inventory._dmidecode", return_value=dmi):
+            self.assertEqual(check_memory_speed(), [])
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

tests/test_inventory.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 """Tests for the M5 system inventory (render + dict round-trip; collect on real system)."""
 
+import tempfile
 import unittest
+from pathlib import Path
 
 from rigdoctor.core import inventory
 from rigdoctor.core.inventory import Section
@@ -26,5 +28,49 @@ class InventoryTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIn("- **Model:** Test CPU", md)
 
 
+class PcieLinkTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_gen_mapping(self):
+        self.assertEqual(inventory._gen("16.0 GT/s PCIe"), 4)
+        self.assertEqual(inventory._gen("8.0 GT/s PCIe"), 3)
+        self.assertIsNone(inventory._gen(""))
+
+    def _fake_dev(self, cur_s, cur_w, max_s, max_w) -> Path:
+        d = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp())
+        (d / "current_link_speed").write_text(cur_s)
+        (d / "current_link_width").write_text(cur_w)
+        (d / "max_link_speed").write_text(max_s)
+        (d / "max_link_width").write_text(max_w)
+        return d
+
+    def test_link_at_full_speed(self):
+        dev = self._fake_dev("16.0 GT/s PCIe", "4", "16.0 GT/s PCIe", "4")
+        self.assertEqual(inventory._link_desc(dev), "PCIe Gen4 x4")
+
+    def test_link_downtrained_flags_capability(self):
+        dev = self._fake_dev("8.0 GT/s PCIe", "4", "16.0 GT/s PCIe", "4")
+        self.assertEqual(inventory._link_desc(dev), "PCIe Gen3 x4 (capable of Gen4 x4)")
+
+    def test_non_nvme_has_no_link(self):
+        self.assertEqual(inventory._nvme_link("sda"), "")
+
+
+class MemorySpeedTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_rated_speed_from_part_number(self):
+        self.assertEqual(inventory._rated_from_part("CMK32GX5M2B5600Z36"), 5600)
+        self.assertEqual(inventory._rated_from_part("F5-6000J3038F16G"), 6000)
+        self.assertIsNone(inventory._rated_from_part("NoSpeedHere"))
+
+    def test_detects_unapplied_expo(self):
+        # XMP/EXPO off: dmidecode only sees JEDEC 4800; the 5600 is in the part number.
+        m = {"Configured Memory Speed": "4800 MT/s", "Speed": "4800 MT/s",
+             "Part Number": "CMK32GX5M2B5600Z36"}
+        self.assertEqual(inventory.module_speed(m), (4800, 5600))
+
+    def test_at_rated_speed(self):
+        m = {"Configured Memory Speed": "5600 MT/s", "Speed": "5600 MT/s",
+             "Part Number": "CMK32GX5M2B5600Z36"}
+        self.assertEqual(inventory.module_speed(m), (5600, 5600))
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

tests/test_minidump.py

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+"""Tests for the .dmp minidump parser (M14) — builds a synthetic MDMP, no external tools."""
+
+import struct
+import tempfile
+import unittest
+from pathlib import Path
+from unittest import mock
+
+from rigdoctor.core import minidump
+
+
+def _synthetic_dump() -> bytes:
+    """A minimal but valid MDMP: header + SystemInfo + Exception + 2-module ModuleList.
+
+    Layout (absolute file offsets): header@0, directory@32, SystemInfo@68, Exception@96,
+    ModuleList@264, name strings@484. Module0 spans the exception address, so it's faulting.
+    """
+    buf = bytearray(600)
+    struct.pack_into("<4sIIIIIQ", buf, 0, b"MDMP", 0xA793, 3, 32, 0, 1_700_000_000, 0)
+    struct.pack_into("<III", buf, 32, 7, 28, 68)     # SystemInfoStream
+    struct.pack_into("<III", buf, 44, 6, 168, 96)    # ExceptionStream
+    struct.pack_into("<III", buf, 56, 4, 220, 264)   # ModuleListStream
+
+    # SystemInfo: x86-64, 16 CPUs, Windows 10.0.19041 (PlatformId 2 = Win32 NT).
+    struct.pack_into("<HHHBBIIIII", buf, 68, 9, 0, 0, 16, 1, 10, 0, 19041, 2, 0)
+
+    # Exception: access violation (write) at 0x140001234.
+    struct.pack_into("<I", buf, 96, 4321)            # ThreadId
+    struct.pack_into("<I", buf, 96 + 8, 0xC0000005)  # ExceptionCode
+    struct.pack_into("<Q", buf, 96 + 24, 0x140001234)  # ExceptionAddress
+    struct.pack_into("<I", buf, 96 + 32, 2)          # NumberParameters
+    struct.pack_into("<Q", buf, 96 + 40, 1)          # info[0] = write
+    struct.pack_into("<Q", buf, 96 + 48, 0x0)        # info[1] = faulting address
+
+    # ModuleList: 2 modules.
+    struct.pack_into("<I", buf, 264, 2)
+    m0, m1 = 268, 268 + minidump._MODULE_STRIDE
+    struct.pack_into("<Q", buf, m0, 0x140000000)     # base
+    struct.pack_into("<I", buf, m0 + 8, 0x100000)    # size (spans the exception address)
+    struct.pack_into("<I", buf, m0 + 20, 484)        # name RVA
+    struct.pack_into("<Q", buf, m1, 0x180000000)
+    struct.pack_into("<I", buf, m1 + 8, 0x080000)
+    struct.pack_into("<I", buf, m1 + 20, 522)
+
+    name0 = "C:\\Games\\game.exe".encode("utf-16-le")
+    struct.pack_into("<I", buf, 484, len(name0))
+    buf[488:488 + len(name0)] = name0
+    name1 = "nvwgf2umx.dll".encode("utf-16-le")
+    struct.pack_into("<I", buf, 522, len(name1))
+    buf[526:526 + len(name1)] = name1
+    return bytes(buf)
+
+
+class ParseTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self._tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".dmp", delete=False)
+        self._tmp.write(_synthetic_dump())
+        self._tmp.close()
+        self.path = self._tmp.name
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        Path(self.path).unlink(missing_ok=True)
+
+    def _parse(self):
+        return minidump.parse(self.path, run_stackwalk=False)
+
+    def test_parses_exception_and_faulting_module(self):
+        r = self._parse()
+        self.assertTrue(r.ok, r.error)
+        self.assertEqual(r.exception_code, 0xC0000005)
+        self.assertIn("Access violation", r.crash_reason)
+        self.assertIn("writing 0x0", r.crash_reason)
+        self.assertEqual(r.faulting_module, "game.exe")  # basename, address inside module0
+        self.assertEqual(r.crashing_thread, 4321)
+
+    def test_parses_system_info_and_modules(self):
+        r = self._parse()
+        self.assertEqual(r.os_name, "Windows 10.0.19041")
+        self.assertEqual(r.cpu_arch, "x86-64")
+        self.assertEqual(r.cpu_count, 16)
+        self.assertEqual([m.name for m in r.modules], ["game.exe", "nvwgf2umx.dll"])
+
+    def test_to_text_and_ai_text(self):
+        r = self._parse()
+        text = minidump.to_text(r)
+        self.assertIn("game.exe", text)
+        self.assertIn("nvwgf2umx.dll", text)
+        self.assertIn("Access violation", text)
+        ai_text = minidump.to_ai_text(r)
+        self.assertIn("Proton", ai_text)       # Linux/Proton framing for the model
+        self.assertIn("Crash reason", ai_text)
+
+    def test_to_findings(self):
+        findings = minidump.to_findings(self._parse())
+        self.assertEqual(findings[0].severity, minidump.CRITICAL)
+        self.assertIn("game.exe", findings[0].title)
+
+    def test_run_stackwalk_false_skips_external_tool(self):
+        self.assertEqual(self._parse().stackwalk, "")
+
+
+class RobustnessTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_non_minidump_file(self):
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".dmp", delete=False) as fh:
+            fh.write(b"not a dump at all")
+            path = fh.name
+        try:
+            r = minidump.parse(path, run_stackwalk=False)
+        finally:
+            Path(path).unlink(missing_ok=True)
+        self.assertFalse(r.ok)
+        self.assertIn("signature", r.error)
+
+    def test_missing_file(self):
+        r = minidump.parse("/nonexistent/does-not-exist.dmp", run_stackwalk=False)
+        self.assertFalse(r.ok)
+        self.assertIn("can't read", r.error)
+
+    def test_stackwalk_absent_returns_empty(self):
+        with mock.patch.object(minidump.shutil, "which", return_value=None):
+            self.assertEqual(minidump.stackwalk("/whatever.dmp"), "")
+
+
+class CliDumpTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    """`rigdoctor ai dump <file>` parses then explains via the configured provider."""
+
+    def _args(self, **over):
+        import argparse
+        base = {"ai_cmd": "dump", "file": ""}
+        base.update(over)
+        return argparse.Namespace(**base)
+
+    def test_dump_parses_and_explains(self):
+        from rigdoctor.core import ai
+
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".dmp", delete=False) as fh:
+            fh.write(_synthetic_dump())
+            path = fh.name
+        try:
+            with mock.patch.object(ai, "is_configured", return_value=True), \
+                 mock.patch.object(ai, "provider_label", return_value="Claude (test)"), \
+                 mock.patch.object(minidump, "stackwalk", return_value=""), \
+                 mock.patch.object(ai, "explain", return_value=(True, "Likely DXVK.")) as explain:
+                from rigdoctor import cli
+                rc = cli.cmd_ai(self._args(file=path))
+        finally:
+            Path(path).unlink(missing_ok=True)
+        self.assertEqual(rc, 0)
+        sent = explain.call_args[0][0]
+        self.assertIn("Proton", sent)         # the Linux/Proton framing reached the model
+        self.assertIn("game.exe", sent)
+
+    def test_dump_bad_file_returns_error(self):
+        from rigdoctor.core import ai
+
+        with mock.patch.object(ai, "is_configured", return_value=True):
+            from rigdoctor import cli
+            rc = cli.cmd_ai(self._args(file="/nope/missing.dmp"))
+        self.assertEqual(rc, 1)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/test_updates.py

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+"""Tests for the M13 updater: install detection + routing the update to the right method."""
+
+import unittest
+from unittest import mock
+
+from rigdoctor.core import updates
+
+
+class InstallKindTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        updates.install_kind.cache_clear()
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        updates.install_kind.cache_clear()
+
+    def test_apt_when_dpkg_owns_the_package(self):
+        with mock.patch.object(updates, "_dpkg_owns", return_value=True):
+            self.assertEqual(updates.install_kind(), "apt")
+
+    def test_pip_when_running_in_a_venv(self):
+        with mock.patch.object(updates, "_dpkg_owns", return_value=False), \
+             mock.patch.object(updates.sys, "prefix", "/opt/venv"), \
+             mock.patch.object(updates.sys, "base_prefix", "/usr"):
+            self.assertEqual(updates.install_kind(), "pip")
+
+
+class ApplyUpdateRoutingTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_apt_returns_guidance_and_never_runs_pip(self):
+        with mock.patch.object(updates, "install_kind", return_value="apt"), \
+             mock.patch("subprocess.run") as run:
+            rc, out = updates.apply_update("v9.9.9")
+        self.assertEqual(rc, 1)
+        self.assertIn("apt install --only-upgrade", out)
+        run.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_dev_returns_guidance_and_never_runs_pip(self):
+        with mock.patch.object(updates, "install_kind", return_value="dev"), \
+             mock.patch("subprocess.run") as run:
+            rc, out = updates.apply_update("v9.9.9")
+        self.assertIn("git pull", out)
+        run.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_pip_install_runs_pip(self):
+        proc = mock.Mock(returncode=0, stdout="Successfully installed", stderr="")
+        with mock.patch.object(updates, "install_kind", return_value="pip"), \
+             mock.patch.object(updates, "load_token", return_value="TOK"), \
+             mock.patch("subprocess.run", return_value=proc) as run:
+            rc, _out = updates.apply_update("v1.2.3")
+        self.assertEqual(rc, 0)
+        cmd = run.call_args[0][0]
+        self.assertIn("pip", cmd)
+        self.assertIn("install", cmd)
+
+
+class UpdateHintTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_apt_hint_names_the_apt_command(self):
+        self.assertIn("apt install --only-upgrade rigdoctor", updates.update_hint("apt"))
+
+    def test_dev_hint_says_git_pull(self):
+        self.assertIn("git pull", updates.update_hint("dev"))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()